Many people around the world have a special place in their hearts for music–but they cannot say the same for math. So much beauty can be experienced when listening to music, although what most do not realize is it comes from the special relationship music has with numbers and patterns. This study investigates how mathematics fits into something as creative and artistic as music. The way math is used to comprehend the basic components of music is explained, starting with how we perceive sound. The way our ears process the music affects which frequencies sound more pleasant when played together, and which do not. Timing matters a lot in music, as well. The repetition of beats and the patterns of rhythms combine and contribute to how a song sounds. The comprehension and appreciation of mathematics in music is the goal of this thesis, and to understand how music can be used as a tool to grasp the concepts in music.