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  • Inequalities in Access to Dermatologic Healthcare in Hispanic/Latino(a) Communities

    Keyword:
    sociocultural, systemic, and race-concordant
    Subject:
    Biology
    Creator:
    Cruz, Francisco
    Contributor:
    Katherine Wydner, Ph.D.
    Owner:
    lsquillante@saintpeters.edu
    Publisher:
    Saint Peter's University
    Date Uploaded:
    05/14/2024
    Date Modified:
    05/14/2024
    Date Created:
    Spring 2024
    Rights Statement:
    In Copyright
    Resource Type:
    Research Paper

  • The Effects that Escherichia coli Has on the Development of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) and Its Corresponding Treatment

    Description:
    Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a kind of bacterium that is frequently observed in both human and animal digestive tracts. While the majority of E. coli strains are harmless, some are pathogenic and can have substantial negative effects on health. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), a disorder that can result in renal failure, anemia, and low platelet count, is one such consequence. Exposure to specific E. coli strains, especially those that generate Shiga toxin, is frequently linked to the development of HUS. A specific Shiga-toxin generating strain is OH157:H7 and it is known for being linked to a majority of HUS developments. This particular strain will be examined in further depth according to multiple studies done by various researchers. Even though the OH15:H7 strain is quite apparent concerning HUS, other strains will be discussed because many other diagnoses of HUS have been linked to other E. coli strains throughout the world. HUS is an extremely impactful disease that currently has no cure. There are many different ways in which to treat HUS in its developing stages and onset stages, but there have also been studies that discuss the possible negative effects of antibiotic treatment. This paper seeks to inform about the effects E. coli has on developing HUS and its varying treatment options through the most current studies.
    Subject:
    Biology
    Creator:
    Tolentino, Luis
    Contributor:
    Jill Callahan, Thesis Advisor
    Owner:
    lsquillante@saintpeters.edu
    Publisher:
    Saint Peter's University
    Date Uploaded:
    06/13/2023
    Date Modified:
    06/13/2023
    Date Created:
    Spring 2023
    Rights Statement:
    In Copyright
    Resource Type:
    Research Paper

  • Working Farm Analysis of the Impacts of Hugelkultur Implementation on Soil Carbon in New Jersey

    Description:
    This study evaluates soil management practices that can sequester carbon efficiently, leading to an increased food production and quality. Specifically, we focused on hugelkultur and compared it to more traditional farming techniques, to see the efficiency of this method in storing soil carbon. In order to evaluate its effectiveness, we took soil samples from different fields in a farm with diverse farming practices; one of which was an established hugelkultur area. When the results came in, there were many different results depending on the sample, but it was observed that the soil sample from the field in which hugelkultur was used had great soil health quality, with all the indicators having high ratings. This shows that, if all the conditions are met, hugelkutur is a great soil management practice for carbon sequestration, and henceforth, high-quality food production and growth.
    Subject:
    Biology
    Creator:
    Bamba, Claude
    Contributor:
    Brandy Garrett-Kluthe, Ph.D., Thesis Advisor
    Owner:
    lsquillante@saintpeters.edu
    Publisher:
    Saint Peter's University
    Date Uploaded:
    06/13/2023
    Date Modified:
    06/13/2023
    Date Created:
    Spring 2023
    Rights Statement:
    In Copyright
    Resource Type:
    Research Paper

  • Arabidopsis thaliana Root Growth and Guard Cell Aperture Responds to RACK1 Regulation of miRNA During Salt Stress Condition for Better Crop Production

    Description:
    Analysis, of model plant Arabidopsis thaliana root growth and guard cell aperture in stressful environment conditions is a beneficial way to understand overall plant growth and development. We examined the effects of scaffold protein RACK1 on small RNAs miR393 and its regulation of A. thaliana primary roots, lateral roots, and guard cells as the plant was exposed to sodium chloride (NaCl). Our results on individual mutant analysis support the hypothesis that genetic loss of RACK1A causes regulation of miR393 as A. thaliana primary root length, lateral root number, and guard cell aperture all point to the plant being more sensitive to NaCl stress. We propose a theoretical method of creating double and triple mutants, using a more efficient way to produce mutants in plants using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and bioinformatics. With double mutants, we seek to further confirm that RACK1s regulation of miR393 affects plant growth and development by modulating root growth and guard cell aperture.
    Subject:
    Biology
    Creator:
    Rondon, Taylor
    Contributor:
    Dr. Denver Jn. Baptiste, Thesis Advisor
    Owner:
    lsquillante@saintpeters.edu
    Publisher:
    Saint Peter's University
    Date Uploaded:
    06/14/2022
    Date Modified:
    06/14/2022
    Date Created:
    Spring 2022
    Rights Statement:
    In Copyright
    Resource Type:
    Research Paper

  • Effects of caffeine, coffee, and decaffeinated coffee on embryonic and larval development in Xenopus laevis (clawed frog), with a focus on neurulation and brain development

    Description:
    Caffeine is a stimulant often consumed in the form of coffee. Despite its widespread use the effects of caffeine and coffee, especially on early development, are poorly understood. The research aims to study the effects of 5 ug/ml and 10 ug/ml caffeine, 0.01% coffee, and 0.01% decaffeinated coffee on neurulation and brain development in Xenopus laevis (clawed frog). The goal is to determine if caffeine and coffee are teratogenic agents for Xenopus laevis. Furthermore, the research looks at the potential teratogenic effects of decaffeinated coffee as there are few studies done in this area. Xenopus laevis embryos were incubated in four experimental solutions and a control of aged tap water. Development was observed using a stereo microscope, and pictures were taken of the different stages. It was noted that 10 ug/ml caffeine and 0.01% coffee solutions induced the same malformations and mortality in the specimens, while the 0.01% decaffeinated coffee solution induced several malformations not observed in any other group.
    Subject:
    Biology
    Creator:
    Chalakova, Maria
    Contributor:
    Dr. Laura Twersky, Thesis Advisor
    Owner:
    lsquillante@saintpeters.edu
    Publisher:
    Saint Peter's University
    Date Uploaded:
    06/14/2022
    Date Modified:
    06/14/2022
    Date Created:
    Spring 2022
    Rights Statement:
    In Copyright
    Resource Type:
    Research Paper

  • A Review on the Effects of Simvastatin (Zocor) and Atorvastatin (Lipitor) on Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia

    Description:
    Dementia is a clinical syndrome known for its progressive cognitive decline and its interference with daily functioning. Multiple investigations have been designed and conducted on Alzheimer’s disease, the most common type of dementia, followed by research on vascular dementia. Statins, also known as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, have been prescribed to individuals to lower LDL-cholesterol levels and to prevent or treat cardiovascular diseases. In the past decade, statins such as simvastatin and atorvastatin have exhibited pleiotropic effects in dementia treatment as these medications work to improve learning and memory abilities in mice models. Most studies designed to observe the effects of statins in reducing the risk of dementia have been performed on rodent organisms, yet, research indicates that the zebrafish, Danio rerio, is a successful model organism. The zebrafish can be utilized as a successful model to better understand the genetics, development, behavior, and reproduction of humans. Not only do zebrafish have a great ability for learning and memory functioning, but they also possess hippocampus-like structures and PSEN1 and PSEN2 genes strikingly similar to the ones found in humans with Alzheimer’s disease. In addition to this review, a suggested experiment has been designed to study two doses of simvastatin and two doses of atorvastatin in Aβ-induced zebrafish and observe how these statin types function in reducing the risk of learning and memory deficits.
    Subject:
    Biology
    Creator:
    Chacho, Chantal
    Contributor:
    Dr. Laura Twersky, Thesis Advisor
    Owner:
    lsquillante@saintpeters.edu
    Publisher:
    Saint Peter's University
    Date Uploaded:
    06/09/2021
    Date Modified:
    06/09/2021
    Date Created:
    Spring 2021
    Rights Statement:
    In Copyright
    Resource Type:
    Research Paper

  • Effects of Preservatives and Emulsifiers on the Gut Microbiome

    Description:
    The human gut microbiome is more important to health than most people realize. It is filled with trillions of microbes ranging from fungi to bacteria and viruses. This paper focuses on preservatives and emulsifiers and the effects they have on the gut microbiome. These two food additives affect different types of bacteria differently. Emulsifiers and preservatives increased bacteria that tend to have negative effects on the body, while decreasing beneficial bacteria. This can have many different effects on the body from Crohn's disease to dysbiosis and even increase antimicrobial resistance in bacteria. This review looks to explain why preservatives and emulsifiers have such negative effects, why it is such a relevant and important topic, and alternatives to preservatives or emulsifiers, or ways to mitigate the effects of these two food additives.
    Subject:
    Biology
    Creator:
    Kaufman, Angel
    Contributor:
    Dr. Jill Callahan, Thesis Advisor
    Owner:
    lsquillante@saintpeters.edu
    Publisher:
    Saint Peter's University
    Date Uploaded:
    06/09/2021
    Date Modified:
    06/09/2021
    Date Created:
    Spring 2021
    Rights Statement:
    In Copyright
    Resource Type:
    Research Paper

  • Problematizing intuitive universals in socioscientific reasoning: using strategic meta-epistemic reasoning practices to link a larger set of science ideas and context across multiple levels

    Description:
    This study focuses on scientific literacy and how we can extend our findings from our previous work on socioscientific engagement, where Meta-Epistemic Reasoning Practices (MERPs) are defined as a situated epistemic resource model that indicates that participants may be shifting between aims, ideals, and reliable processes (AIR model) as they work through a situation. Since MERPs could interact on the domain-general strategic knowledge for mechanistic reasoning, we decided to focus on epistemic heuristics for mechanistic reasoning, how these can be applied with the use of MERPs, and with the science ideas citizens used to construct a mechanism to evaluate contextual relevance of an authentic SSI. WE conducted interviews with 7 members of a town that had recently experienced hurricane-induced flooding. Participants included activists, policy makers, planners, scientists, and infrastructural managers, rather than students in order to explore diversity. We included "levels," like levels of description, to characterize a system, as well as the analysis of science-related ideas for mechanistic reasoning of each participant. WE found that participants used a combination of science and situational knowledge for evaluating causal propositions, that MERPs guide the use of a diverse set of aims and ideals, and that different individuals integrate different science ideas, where together the community rises to a more sophisticated evaluation of the SSI proposal. By studying the real world we aim to incorporate constructive civic engagement into the classrooms, and empower the next generation of citizens, not only future scientists.
    Subject:
    Biology
    Creator:
    Infante, Masiel Carolina
    Contributor:
    Dr. John Ruppert, Thesis Advisor
    Owner:
    lsquillante@saintpeters.edu
    Publisher:
    Saint Peter's University
    Date Uploaded:
    06/09/2021
    Date Modified:
    06/09/2021
    Date Created:
    Spring 2021
    Rights Statement:
    In Copyright
    Resource Type:
    Research Paper

  • A review of the possible protective effects and antioxidative mechanisms of melatonin and vitamin D against BPA-induced thyroid toxicity

    Description:
    Hyperthyroidism is a pathological disorder caused by the excess production of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in the thyroid gland, inducing oxidative stress. Bisphenol A (BPA), one of the most manufactured substances worldwide, is primarily used in the production of polycarbonate and epoxy resins found in plastics. It is widely studied because of its teratogenic and endocrine-disrupting potential. It causes thyroid hormones and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to increase by its inhibition mechanism, leading to thyroid toxicity. Studies show that some products can have protective effects against BPA exposure. Both melatonin and vitamin D are known for their antioxidant properties and homeostatic functioning of the mitochondria by reducing ROS production. This means that a possible synergistic relationship between melatonin and vitamin D could ameliorate the effects of BPA-induced thyroid toxicity. The purpose of this study is to review the effects of oxidative stress on the thyroid caused by BPA and the possible protective effects and antioxidant mechanisms of melatonin and vitamin D against BPA-induced thyroid toxicity.
    Subject:
    Biology
    Creator:
    Lopez Jimenez, Yaidelis
    Contributor:
    Dr. Christina Mortellaro, Thesis Advisor
    Owner:
    lsquillante@saintpeters.edu
    Publisher:
    Saint Peter's University
    Date Uploaded:
    06/09/2021
    Date Modified:
    06/09/2021
    Date Created:
    Spring 2021
    Rights Statement:
    In Copyright
    Resource Type:
    Research Paper

  • QUANTIFICATION OF MICROSCOPIC ZOOXANTHELLAE ALGAE EXPULSION AFTER INCREASED TEMPERATURE BY CANDY CANE CORAL, Caulastrea furcata

    Description:
    Since the early 1980s, intense coral bleaching events have yielded increasingly expansive coral reef ecosystems devoid of recovery. Commonly distinguished as the “rainforest of the sea,” the biodiversity of coral reef ecosystems is unparalleled by any other marine ecosystem. Recent global changes—primarily increased sea surface temperature (SST)—have threatened the continued prosperity of corals, thereby threatening the innumerable lives of organisms depending on reefs. Efforts to protect coral reefs have been initiated, yet questions still remain: exactly how much of the mutualistic dinoflagellate algae dwelling within coral tissue are expelled from the first encounter of environmental stress? This study focuses on imposing stress-inducing temperature change to candy cane corals, Caulastrea furcata, from an ideal water temperature of 27ºC to elevated levels of 29 ºC and 30 ºC, in the span of two days. After the corals experienced these higher temperatures, they were immediately reverted to ideal conditions. The corals were monitored over the course of several weeks to determine the degree to which recovery was made. The change in zooxanthellae density was determined from multiple extraction periods and coral color was categorized via the Siebeck et al. Color Reference Card. Results indicated that the corals experiencing 29 ºC had better recovery than 30 ºC, and that more than half of the algae were expelled in immediate response to this thermal stress.
    Subject:
    Biology
    Creator:
    Staiger, Nathalie Danielle
    Contributor:
    Dr. Frances Raleigh, Thesis Advisor
    Owner:
    lsquillante@saintpeters.edu
    Publisher:
    Saint Peter's University
    Date Uploaded:
    10/14/2020
    Date Modified:
    10/14/2020
    Date Created:
    May 11, 2015
    Rights Statement:
    In Copyright
    Resource Type:
    Research Paper