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  • The Rape of Nanjing: Is an Unbiased Representation Possible?

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    Description:
    In the years leading up to and including World War II, the Japanese invaded China, committing war crimes and atrocities that some say rivaled those committed by the German National Socialist (Nazi) Party in Europe. However, due to a number of factors following the end of World War II, many conflicting points of view about Nanjing have arisen, including views from Japanese ultranationalists, Chinese victims and their descendants, and from other outside parties, including Americans and Europeans. In the present day, the evidence and the different testimonies of what may have happened in Nanjing have become so convoluted that it would be impossible to come up with a purely factual, unbiased historical account of the events in Nanjing during the Japanese invasion on December 13, 1937 and the weeks leading up to and following that invasion. By looking at some of the most popular sources and references pertaining to the Nanjing Massacre, one can assess just how disputed the topic has become and how truly impossible it is for historians to arrive at a single, agreed upon history of the event.
    Keyword:
    nationalism, war crimes, Asian studies, China, World War II, and Japan
    Creator:
    Downing, Heather
    Contributor:
    Dr. Mark DeStephano, Thesis Advisor
    Owner:
    lsquillante@saintpeters.edu
    Publisher:
    Saint Peter's University
    Date Uploaded:
    11/26/2019
    Date Modified:
    11/26/2019
    Date Created:
    May 2011
    Rights Statement:
    In Copyright
    Resource Type:
    Research Paper

  • Takayama Ukon: Samurai of Christ and Champion of Japanese Catholicism

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    Description:
    When one thinks of Christianity, Japan is often not the first country to come to mind. Missionaries of all denominations of Christianity have found evangelizing Japan to be a difficult process since the days of St. Francis Xavier, the first missionary to Japan. This has led some to deem Japan a total missionary failure, and to conclude that the Christian religion and Japanese culture are antithetical to one another. But is such a sweeping statement really a universal truth? When Pope Francis beatified a previously underappreciated Catholic samurai named Takayama Ukon, the myth that Christianity and Japanese identity are mutually exclusive was shattered, since an objective analysis of his life reveals that Ukon lived as an excellent Catholic as well as a celebrated example of a true samurai. By delving into Ukon’s life as well as the methods employed by the early Jesuit missionaries and the similarities between European chivalry and Japanese bushidō, it becomes clear that Catholicism, and Christanity in general, does not have to be alien to Japanese culture and society, and in fact, the two can be synthesized in an extraordinarily beautiful way.
    Keyword:
    global christianity, Japan, samurai, Japanese Catholicism, Blessed Takayam Ukon, chivalry, Society of Jesus, bushido, and Jesuits
    Subject:
    Asian Studies
    Creator:
    Simon, David Laurence
    Contributor:
    Dr. Mark DeStephano, Thesis Advisor
    Owner:
    lsquillante@saintpeters.edu
    Publisher:
    Saint Peter's University
    Date Uploaded:
    06/09/2020
    Date Modified:
    06/09/2020
    Date Created:
    April 20, 2020
    Rights Statement:
    In Copyright
    Resource Type:
    Research Paper